Pharmacology free essay sample

Please answer the following case study questions using the knowledge gained in this course. Remember to cite your references in APA format. Answer the questions in complete sentences and spell-check your Assignment. Each question is worth 4 points. Case 1 A patient calls the physician’s office because she is concerned that her prescription medication looks different from what she normally takes. She mentions that her co-pay was lower too. 1. What are some initial questions you should ask the patient to gather information the physician might need? I would ask the patient what is the name of the drug on her medication bottle and what she was taking them for. I would also ask what color, shape, size and what is written on the pill itself. 2. Critically evaluating the situation, what are three possible explanations of the difference in appearance and cost of the medication? The medication can be a new generic name that her insurance may help cover that is more cost efficient. Diazepam and the active metabolite of clorazepate is more rapidly absorbed than other commonly used benzodiazepines. b. Clorazepate, a prodrug, is converted to its active form, desmethyldiazepam (nordiazepam), by acid hydrolysis in the stomach. 6. Explain why benzodiazepines cross biological membranes freely and distribute rapidly in various organ systems including brain and placenta. a. Most of hypnotics and sedatives are lipid soluble and thus have rapid onset of central nervous system effects. b. All sedative-hypnotics cross the placental barrier during pregnancy. Explain the mechanism of action of Flumazenil a. Competitive antagonists with high affinity for the BZ binding site b. It blocks many of the actions of benzodiazepines, zolpidem, zaleplon, and eszopiclone c. Flumazenil is approved for use in reversing the central nervous system depressant effects of benzodiazepine overdose and to hasten recovery in anesthetic and diagnostic procedures.